The Matloff Finding — Proven in FY2026 Data
$66,016 per year — stolen from American workers
At Prevailing Wage Level II — the tier outsourcing firms cluster in — Indian IT body shops pay an average of $91,758/year while direct tech employers at the same level pay $157,774/year. Same job. Same government-designated wage level. 42% less pay. That gap goes into the profit margin of the outsourcing firm and into the pockets of their executives — not into the paychecks of the workers they import, and certainly not to the American workers they displaced.
Prevailing Wage Level I
Body shops$87,949
Direct employers$123,433
Gap-$35,484 (29%)
LCAs26 vs 2,077
Prevailing Wage Level II
Body shops$91,758
Direct employers$157,774
Gap-$66,016 (42%)
LCAs8,358 vs 11,250
Prevailing Wage Level III
Body shops$119,603
Direct employers$176,606
Gap-$57,003 (32%)
LCAs6,045 vs 7,655
Prevailing Wage Level IV
Body shops$151,910
Direct employers$212,661
Gap-$60,751 (29%)
LCAs2,341 vs 5,522
"The 'Infosys bad, Intel good' framing misses the point. Even the 'good' firms use H-1B to hire workers at below-market wages — just at a higher level than the body shops. The entire program is a wage suppression mechanism."
— Professor Norm Matloff, UC Davis — decades of H-1B research
⚠ FY2026 data confirms this: Amazon Development Center U.S. files 17.3% of its LCAs at Level I — worse than Infosys, Tata, or Wipro, all of whom file 0% at Level I. The "good guys" are gaming a different tier of the same broken system.
🏭 Tier 1 — The Body Shops
Ranked by LCA count · "Clients" = distinct companies they place workers at
| # | Body Shop / Outsourcer | LCAs | Workers | Client Cos. | States | Wage Levels I·II·III·IV | Level I % | Cert. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
COGNIZANT TECHNOLOGY SOLUTIONS US CORP
Major body shop
|
9,664 | 9,664 |
539
client companies
|
43 states | I·II·III·IV |
0% | 9,652 |
| 2 |
INFOSYS LIMITED
Major body shop
|
6,390 | 18,038 |
241
client companies
|
37 states | I·II·III·IV |
0% | 6,358 |
| 3 |
ERNST & YOUNG U.S. LLP
Major body shop
|
5,890 | 5,890 |
403
client companies
|
44 states | I·II·III·IV |
6.4% | 5,632 |
| 4 |
TATA CONSULTANCY SERVICES LIMITED
Major body shop
|
5,270 | 5,270 |
485
client companies
|
37 states | I·II·III·IV |
0% | 5,230 |
| 5 |
WIPRO LIMITED
Major body shop
|
3,290 | 4,388 |
230
client companies
|
35 states | I·II·III·IV |
0% | 2,264 |
| 6 |
CAPGEMINI AMERICA INC
Staffing firm
|
2,932 | 2,932 |
139
client companies
|
37 states | I·II·III·IV |
0% | 2,478 |
| 7 |
DELOITTE CONSULTING LLP
Staffing firm
|
2,611 | 5,353 |
83
client companies
|
40 states | I·II·III·IV |
9.2% | 2,602 |
| 8 |
ACCENTURE LLP
Major body shop
|
2,300 | 2,300 |
260
client companies
|
36 states | I·II·III·IV |
0% | 2,272 |
| 9 |
MPHASIS CORPORATION
Staffing firm
|
2,196 | 2,196 |
76
client companies
|
30 states | I·II·III·IV |
7.5% | 1,902 |
| 10 |
LTIMINDTREE LIMITED
Staffing firm
|
2,000 | 2,428 |
164
client companies
|
37 states | I·II·III·IV |
0% | 1,980 |
| 11 |
HCL AMERICA INC
Major body shop
|
1,882 | 1,882 |
259
client companies
|
35 states | I·II·III·IV |
0.4% | 1,818 |
| 12 |
COMPUNNEL SOFTWARE GROUP, INC
Major body shop
|
1,656 | 1,702 |
486
client companies
|
42 states | ⚠ No wage data | 0% | 1,654 |
| 13 |
PEOPLE TECH GROUP, INC
|
819 | 819 |
14
client companies
|
3 states | I·II·III·IV |
36% | 769 |
| 14 |
TECH MAHINDRA (AMERICAS), INC
Staffing firm
|
812 | 812 |
78
client companies
|
29 states | I·II·III·IV |
0% | 742 |
| 15 |
UST GLOBAL INC
Staffing firm
|
800 | 800 |
64
client companies
|
21 states | I·II·III·IV |
0.3% | 800 |
| 16 |
VIRTUSA CORPORATION
|
734 | 734 |
44
client companies
|
24 states | I·II·III·IV |
6.8% | 594 |
| 17 |
HEXAWARE TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
Staffing firm
|
644 | 644 |
56
client companies
|
20 states | I·II·III·IV |
0% | 592 |
| 18 |
RANDSTAD DIGITAL, LLC
|
485 | 1,454 |
41
client companies
|
27 states | ⚠ No wage data | 0% | 485 |
| 19 |
KFORCE INC.
Staffing firm
|
418 | 4,180 |
102
client companies
|
29 states | ⚠ No wage data | 0% | 416 |
| 20 |
CGI TECHNOLOGIES AND SOLUTIONS INC.
|
415 | 13,351 |
35
client companies
|
29 states | I·II·III·IV |
1.4% | 412 |
⚠ Who is Compunnel?
1,656 LCAs. 486 client companies. 42 states. And zero wage level data on any filing — not Level I, II, III, or IV. Complete opacity. They are the 5th largest H-1B filer in the entire IT sector and most Americans have never heard of them.
⚠ People Tech Group
36% of all their LCAs are at Level I — entry wages. 819 filings across only 3 states, 14 client companies. A classic small body shop placing cheap labor at a handful of corporate clients. Nobody is watching them.
⚠ E&Y — A Big 4 Body Shop
Ernst & Young files 5,890 LCAs placed at 403 different client companies across 44 states. 377 at Level I. The Big 4 accounting firms are running the same body shop operation as Cognizant — just with better PR.
⚡ The Amazon Problem — Worse Than Infosys on Level I
Amazon operates at least four separate H-1B filing entities. Combined, they are the single largest Level I filer in the tech sector — filing more entry-wage H-1B petitions than Infosys, Tata, Wipro, and Cognizant combined. Amazon Development Center U.S. files 17.3% of LCAs at Level I. Amazon Data Services files 17.1%. This is Norm Matloff's core point made concrete: the "good guy" American tech companies are abusing the program just as badly — just at a different level, with a better marketing department.
Amazon.com Services: 887 Level I LCAs
Amazon Web Services: 404 Level I LCAs
Amazon Dev Center: 348 Level I (17.3%)
Amazon Data Services: 194 Level I (17.1%)
Total Amazon Level I: 1,833+ LCAs
💻 Tier 2 — Direct Tech Employers ("The Good Guys Who Aren't")
Matloff: even direct employers suppress wages — just at higher levels
| # | Employer | LCAs | Workers | Avg Wage | Lvl I% | Lvl II% | Lvl III% | Lvl IV% | Wage Distribution | States |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Amazon.com Services LLC | 7,657 | 44,081 | $157,349 | 14% | 55.7% | 26.6% | 3.8% | I·II·III·IV |
26 |
| 2 | Apple Inc. | 5,633 | 11,616 | $175,679 | 2.4% | 23.7% | 24% | 50% | I·II·III·IV |
11 |
| 3 | Microsoft Corporation | 4,253 | 4,421 | $180,451 | 3.6% | 35.1% | 45.8% | 15.5% | I·II·III·IV |
35 |
| 4 | Google LLC | 3,864 | 5,151 | $199,134 | 0.8% | 58.4% | 25.7% | 15.1% | I·II·III·IV |
20 |
| 5 | Amazon Web Services, Inc. | 3,579 | 21,177 | $154,824 | 22.5% | 46.2% | 28% | 3.2% | I·II·III·IV |
26 |
| 6 | Meta Platforms, Inc | 3,488 | 15,520 | $216,746 | 8.9% | 20.7% | 20.7% | 49.7% | I·II·III·IV |
25 |
| 7 | Amazon Development Center U.S. | 2,016 | 10,112 | $161,965 | 32.1% | 54.6% | 10.9% | 2.4% | I·II·III·IV |
14 |
| 8 | NVIDIA Corporation | 1,733 | 10,441 | $191,413 | 4.1% | 10.6% | 20.9% | 64.4% | I·II·III·IV |
24 |
| 9 | Intel Corporation | 1,412 | 2,441 | $140,349 | 0.3% | 33.7% | 55.5% | 10.5% | I·II·III·IV |
17 |
| 10 | Salesforce, Inc. | 1,241 | 2,968 | $195,490 | 0.3% | 23% | 51.8% | 24.8% | I·II·III·IV |
25 |
| 11 | LinkedIn Corporation | 1,160 | 16,216 | $180,587 | 0.3% | 25.2% | 38.4% | 36% | I·II·III·IV |
14 |
| 12 | PayPal, Inc. | 1,128 | 1,128 | $178,313 | 4.6% | 32.9% | 39.3% | 23.2% | I·II·III·IV |
21 |
| 13 | Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. | 983 | 170,668 | $155,075 | 0% | 45.4% | 28.9% | 25.7% | I·II·III·IV |
12 |
| 14 | Adobe Inc. | 927 | 1,854 | $184,887 | 30.6% | 38.6% | 14.1% | 16.7% | I·II·III·IV |
15 |
| 15 | IBM Corporation | 880 | 1,760 | $144,728 | 0% | 34.4% | 35.4% | 30.2% | I·II·III·IV |
31 |
| 16 | Cisco Systems, Inc. | 813 | 29,546 | $153,433 | 0% | 29.8% | 65.8% | 4.5% | I·II·III·IV |
25 |
| 17 | Oracle America, Inc. | 583 | 6,302 | $148,299 | 0% | 13.3% | 29.6% | 57.1% | I·II·III·IV |
18 |
| 18 | Amazon Data Services, Inc. | 567 | 6,426 | $140,915 | 33% | 45.4% | 20.4% | 1.2% | I·II·III·IV |
20 |
| 19 | Intuit Inc. | 512 | 2,968 | $186,306 | 0% | 12.5% | 33.3% | 54.2% | I·II·III·IV |
11 |
| 20 | Uber Technologies, Inc. | 484 | 968 | $201,779 | 0.5% | 29.3% | 33.1% | 37.1% | I·II·III·IV |
7 |
📊 The Wage Gap at Every Level
Outsourcers vs. Direct Employers — same DOL wage level, radically different pay
Lvl I
Lvl II
Lvl III
Lvl IV
Source: FY2026 Q1&Q2 DOL LCA data. Body shops: Cognizant, Infosys, Tata, Wipro, Capgemini, HCL, Tech Mahindra, LTIMindtree, Accenture & others. Direct employers: Amazon, Apple, Microsoft, Google, Meta, NVIDIA, Intel, Salesforce & others. Wages are employer-reported prevailing wage floor — actual wages may vary.
🔍 Search All IT/Tech H-1B Filings
FY2026 Q1 & Q2 · live data
| Employer / Client | Job Title | Workers | Wage | PW Level | Status | Qtr | Case No. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
→ New York Life Insurance Company
New York, NY
|
Financial and Investment Analysts - KBGFJG188968-12 Financial and Investment Analysts
|
1 |
$134,813
/year
|
Lvl II | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26174-040620 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
→ Marsh McLennan
New York, NY
|
Financial and Investment Analysts - KBGFJG188968-12 Financial and Investment Analysts
|
1 |
$134,813
/year
|
Lvl II | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26174-040644 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
→ Seagate
Fremont, CA
|
Accountants and Auditors - KBGFJG272803-3 Accountants and Auditors
|
1 |
$160,072
/year
|
Lvl III | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26173-037824 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
→ Delphi Capital Management
New York, NY
|
Financial and Investment Analysts - KBGFJG188968-12 Financial and Investment Analysts
|
1 |
$134,813
/year
|
Lvl II | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26174-040635 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
Dallas, TX
|
Database Administrators - KBGFJG426698-1 Database Administrators
|
1 |
$150,000
/year
|
Lvl II | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26173-036756 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
San Jose, CA
|
Accountants and Auditors - KBGFJG272803-3 Accountants and Auditors
|
1 |
$160,072
/year
|
Lvl III | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26173-037815 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
→ The Prudential Insurance Company of America
Newark, NJ
|
Financial and Investment Analysts - KBGFJG188968-12 Financial and Investment Analysts
|
1 |
$134,813
/year
|
Lvl II | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26174-040652 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
→ Assured Guaranty
New York, NY
|
Financial and Investment Analysts - KBGFJG188968-12 Financial and Investment Analysts
|
1 |
$134,813
/year
|
Lvl II | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26174-040628 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
San Diego, CA
|
Accountants and Auditors - KBGFJG222594-6 Accountants and Auditors
|
1 |
$105,755
/year
|
Lvl II | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26173-036678 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
Hoboken, NJ
|
Financial and Investment Analysts - KBGFJG188968-12 Financial and Investment Analysts
|
1 |
$134,813
/year
|
Lvl II | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26174-040609 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
New York, NY
|
Database Administrators - KBGFJG430828-1 Database Administrators
|
1 |
$165,000
/year
|
Lvl II | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26173-036337 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
→ Argo Group
Chicago, IL
|
Database Administrators - KBGFJG51730-22 Database Administrators
|
1 |
$214,099
/year
|
Lvl III | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26170-033047 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
→ American National
Springfield, MO
|
Database Administrators - KBGFJG51730-22 Database Administrators
|
1 |
$214,099
/year
|
Lvl III | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26170-033050 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
Hoboken, NJ
|
Database Administrators - KBGFJG51730-22 Database Administrators
|
1 |
$214,099
/year
|
Lvl III | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26170-033043 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
→ Cboe Global Markets, Inc.
Chicago, IL
|
Software Developers - KBGFJG146427-21 Software Developers
|
1 |
$182,670
/year
|
Lvl III | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26170-032911 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
Hoboken, NJ
|
Computer and Information Systems Managers - KBGFJG261458-6 Computer and Information Systems Managers
|
1 |
$309,060
/year
|
Lvl IV | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26170-032851 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
Philadelphia, PA
|
Information Security Analysts - KBGFJG46038-18 Information Security Analysts
|
1 |
$148,565
/year
|
Lvl II | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26170-032912 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
Burlington, NJ
|
Database Administrators - KBGFJG51730-22 Database Administrators
|
1 |
$214,099
/year
|
Lvl III | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26170-033059 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
→ Argo Group
New York, NY
|
Database Administrators - KBGFJG51730-22 Database Administrators
|
1 |
$214,099
/year
|
Lvl III | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26170-033053 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
New York, NY
|
Software Developers - KBGFJG146427-21 Software Developers
|
1 |
$182,670
/year
|
Lvl III | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26170-032903 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
→ American National
League City, TX
|
Database Administrators - KBGFJG51730-22 Database Administrators
|
1 |
$214,099
/year
|
Lvl III | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26170-033055 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
Alpharetta, GA
|
Software Quality Assurance Analysts & Testers-KBGFJG432535-1 Software Quality Assurance Analysts and Testers
|
1 |
$85,000
/year
|
Lvl II | Withdrawn | Q3 | I-200-26169-027815 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
Seattle, WA
|
Database Administrators - KBGFJG132507-10 Database Administrators
|
1 |
$157,973
/year
|
Lvl II | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26169-028057 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
San Antonio, TX
|
Information Security Analysts - KBGFJG135404-9 Information Security Analysts
|
1 |
$106,554
/year
|
Lvl II | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26169-030335 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
Dallas, TX
|
Software Developers - KBGFJG93648-13 Software Developers
|
1 |
$211,495
/year
|
Lvl III | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26169-028048 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
Chicago, IL
|
Software Developers - KBGFJG128111-18 Software Developers
|
1 |
$138,012
/year
|
Lvl II | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26169-029675 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
Avon, IN
|
Computer and Information Systems Managers - KBGFJG147472-7 Computer and Information Systems Managers
|
1 |
$184,893
/year
|
Lvl III | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26170-032539 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
Chicago, IL
|
Software Developers - KBGFJG128111-18 Software Developers
|
1 |
$138,012
/year
|
Lvl II | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26169-029648 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
Los Angeles, CA
|
Financial and Investment Analysts - KBGFJG49062-15 Financial and Investment Analysts
|
1 |
$236,069
/year
|
Lvl III | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26169-028164 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
Ann Arbor, MI
|
Database Administrators - KBGFJG178225-7 Database Administrators
|
1 |
$107,400
/year
|
Lvl II | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26169-028299 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
Raleigh, NC
|
Software Developers - KBGFJG93648-13 Software Developers
|
1 |
$211,495
/year
|
Lvl III | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26169-028056 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
Atlanta, GA
|
Financial and Investment Analysts - KBGFJG49062-15 Financial and Investment Analysts
|
1 |
$236,069
/year
|
Lvl III | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26169-028183 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
Alpharetta, GA
|
Software Developers - KBGFJG170058-16 Software Developers
|
1 |
$110,000
/year
|
Lvl II | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26169-028082 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
San Antonio, TX
|
Network and Computer Systems Administrators-KBGFJG134184-1 Network and Computer Systems Administrators
|
1 |
$89,272
/year
|
Lvl II | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26169-028384 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
Alpharetta, GA
|
Computer Programmers - KBGFJG430519-1 Computer Programmers
|
1 |
$107,000
/year
|
Lvl II | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26169-028683 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
→ University of Tennessee
Knoxville, TN
|
Accountants and Auditors - KBGFJG335606-10 Accountants and Auditors
|
1 |
$180,000
/year
|
Lvl III | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26169-028348 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
New York, NY
|
Database Administrators - KBGFJG178225-7 Database Administrators
|
1 |
$107,400
/year
|
Lvl II | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26169-028291 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
San Antonio, TX
|
Computer Systems Analysts - KBGFJG176718-9 Computer Systems Analysts
|
1 |
$93,457
/year
|
Lvl II | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26169-028180 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
San Francisco, CA
|
Accountants and Auditors - KBGFJG141451-12 Accountants and Auditors
|
1 |
$159,209
/year
|
Lvl IV | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26169-028239 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
McLean, VA
|
Information security Analysts - KBGFJG103037-7 Information Security Analysts
|
1 |
$219,921
/year
|
Lvl IV | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26169-030789 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
Chicago, IL
|
Computer and Information Systems Managers - KBGFJG147472-7 Computer and Information Systems Managers
|
1 |
$184,893
/year
|
Lvl III | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26170-032528 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
San Francisco, CA
|
Computer Systems Analysts - KBGFJG70861-14 Computer Systems Analysts
|
1 |
$176,133
/year
|
Lvl II | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26169-030106 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
Alpharetta, GA
|
Software Quality Assurance Analysts & Testers-KBGFJG432535-1 Software Quality Assurance Analysts and Testers
|
1 |
$85,000
/year
|
Lvl II | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26169-027900 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
→ Block Inc
San Francisco, CA
|
Accountants and Auditors - KBGFJG141451-12 Accountants and Auditors
|
1 |
$159,209
/year
|
Lvl IV | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26169-028241 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
Charlotte, NC
|
Software Developers - KBGFJG93648-13 Software Developers
|
1 |
$211,495
/year
|
Lvl III | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26169-028053 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
Miami, FL
|
Accountants and Auditors - KBGFJG335606-10 Accountants and Auditors
|
1 |
$180,000
/year
|
Lvl III | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26169-028338 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
Hoboken, NJ
|
Software Developers - KBGFJG134808-15 Software Developers
|
1 |
$166,955
/year
|
Lvl II | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26170-032609 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
Austin, TX
|
Network and Computer Systems Administrators-KBGFJG134184-1 Network and Computer Systems Administrators
|
1 |
$89,272
/year
|
Lvl II | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26169-028394 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
Dallas, TX
|
Computer Systems Analysts - KBGFJG134613-13 Computer Systems Analysts
|
1 |
$163,845
/year
|
Lvl IV | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26168-023860 |
|
Ernst & Young U.S. LLP
→ Eversource Energy
Berlin, CT
|
Information Security Analysts - KBGFJG96046-26 Information Security Analysts
|
1 |
$236,437
/year
|
Lvl IV | Certified | Q3 | I-200-26168-024872 |
Page 586 of 1,457
Source: U.S. Dept. of Labor, OFLC — FY2026 Q1 & Q2 H-1B LCA disclosure data (293,507 total records).
Body shops identified by employer name. "Clients" column counts distinct SECONDARY_ENTITY_BUSINESS_NAME values — the actual worksite employer when the H-1B sponsor is a staffing middleman.
Wage data is employer-reported. Wage gap analysis compares firms at the same DOL Prevailing Wage Level.
Professor Matloff's research: heather.cs.ucdavis.edu/h1b.html
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